Greek symbols are very important in equations: , , . eLyXer offers a complete set in both upper case: and lower case: . Also the AMS italicized upper case: .
eLyXer supports the whole set of math symbols in John D. Cook's list: . It can also render a few more: . You also get all symbols from Markus Kuhn's list: .
There are other symbols like arrows: , or geometrical shapes: , . eLyXer offers limited support for them. You might also want to use financial symbols in formulae: .
Equations look good when items are properly separated. The main separation is the Medium Mathematical Space: .
Note: if you are viewing the non-Unicode version math.html of this page then you are in fact seeing midspaces, which are very similar but not exactly the same: for medium mathematical spaces versus , where . Try out the Unicode version math-unicode.html — and viceversa. You can check out what version this page is in the page title.
The command \raisebox is useful to, surprisingly, raise a little box.
It can also be used just for spacing.
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There are other spacing commands: \hspace: , and \vspace: .
A limit must appear below the main symbol:
which should appear as in italics, and «lim» in plain style. Note that in HTML the limit does not actually appear below the «lim» but to the right. Inlined: .
Limits are also used in sums:
where the sum’s limits should appear below () and above () the . Inlined: Also in integrals: